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Date: Sat, 17 Sep 2022 14:40:48 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_MOBILE2_SA <sa.mobile2@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= TAKHAR: Large-Scale Eviction
 Increased The Risk of Armed Confrontations Between Communities
To: Naseer Ahmad Gulzai <gulzai@jack.ngo>

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EPORT</span></div>
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nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								Afghanistan, Takhar Province, Khwajabahawuddin District, <a href=3D=
"https://goo.gl/maps/5D2hcXU88jv851eU9">Lala Gozar</a> Area								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								Eviction								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								11/09/2022 09:00								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">IEA members evicted several hun=
dred Uzbek families from the Lala Gozar area of Khwajabahawuddin District o=
n 11 September, and their residences were given to Pashtun Kuchi families w=
ho recently arrived in the area allegedly from Pakistan and the Southeaster=
n Region. Since their arrival approximately three months prior to the incid=
ent, the Kuchi families lived in open spaces and public buildings in Lala G=
ozar, after which the IEA resettled them into the newly freed houses. The U=
zbek families remained in proximity of the site, as they continued to have =
access to their agricultural land which is soon to be harvested.<br /><br /=
></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">The core of the dispute is claimed to d=
ate back to the reign of King Mohammed Zahir Shah, whereby the Kuchi famili=
es insist they were forcibly displaced decades ago due to conflict and pers=
ecution, while the Uzbek community argued that they were given the land in =
the past on which they built their houses.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">The intervening IEA members allegedly b=
elonged to several branches of the security forces, most were Pashto speake=
rs.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Two days after the incident, a quarrel =
over the eviction occurred between members of the Uzbek and Kuchi communiti=
es and escalated into a firefight. Four individuals were wounded during the=
 incident, while the IEA did not arrest any of the involved persons. Anothe=
r altercation was recorded on 16 September, during which some of the Kuchi =
returnees assaulted and injured several Uzbek residents in Gulbahar area, w=
ounding four with blunt weapons. Unconfirmed information suggested that the=
 Kuchi families also obtained firearms via unknown sources after their arri=
val.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">The two altercations that follo=
wed the eviction suggested that the risk of armed confrontation in the area=
 will remain elevated in the upcoming weeks, particularly as the method of =
the resettlement reportedly produced a deep sense of injustice on the part =
of the Uzbek families. The lack of prior notice of the eviction, the absenc=
e of an effective mechanism through which individual complaints could be ch=
annelled, and the perceived injustice of the claim have been cited as sourc=
es of indignation among the evicted communities. In case the situation is n=
ot addressed by relevant dispute resolution mechanisms or by a strong deter=
rent posture of the IEA&mdash;neither of which were currently reported&mdas=
h;individuals will likely attempt to contest the eviction, inciting further=
 violence. <br /><br />The factor that will further affect the relationship=
 between the host community and the returnees will be the status of the agr=
icultural land surrounding the disputed houses and whether the evicted fami=
lies will be allowed to harvest their produce and keep the land in the futu=
re. Any rivalry over the land or the produce would further increase the ris=
k of armed clashes.&nbsp;<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">It was notable that, at the time of wri=
ting, the incident did not appear to have generated tensions along the ethn=
ic lines between the local IEA forces or signs of discontent among IEA memb=
ers elsewhere in the province. Initial reports suggested that although most=
 of the intervening IEA forces were Pashto speakers, they came from several=
 branches of the IEA, indicating a degree of prior cross-institutional agre=
ement about the issue. In the immediate days following the incident, it the=
refore appeared unlikely that the dispute would extend beyond the area or t=
he already involved civilian communities.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">This incident was reportedly the first =
case of a large-scale eviction and resettlement of communities into the Nor=
theastern Region since the IEA takeover, which adds to the unpredictability=
 of the situation. Incidents related to land disputes recorded in 2022 in T=
akhar Province most commonly involved individuals who engaged in physical v=
iolence (five) rather than larger groups of people (one), and none was acco=
mpanied by an inter-ethnic narrative. Considering that the incident from 11=
 September was the only one recorded since 15 August 2021, it seemed that s=
imilar attempts to redress historical land disputes will likely remain exce=
ptional in the Northeastern Region. Nonetheless, should a movement of a lar=
ge number of families who claim ancient rights to land be observed in the u=
pcoming months, NGOs operating in such an area should anticipate an increas=
ed risk of land ownership changes with subsequent confrontations between th=
e host community and the returnees.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">It is recommended that NGOs inf=
orm their staff of the development in the area and determine whether any of=
 them have relatives implicated in the dispute. In such a case, further inv=
estigation should be conducted as to the potential of the staff becoming in=
volved by extension.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">It is advised that NGOs operating in th=
e area maintain strict neutrality and monitor the way in which the NGO is p=
erceived among the communities. Being seen as partial to one side of the di=
spute in times of elevated tensions would increase the risk of NGO staff be=
ing targeted by spontaneous attacks from disgruntled residents.<br /><br />=
</div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs should further remain in close con=
tact with the representatives of all communities in the area and monitor th=
e developments. Should they observe signs of the operating conditions deter=
iorating, travelling to the area should be avoided.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Mobile, Marek Baron<br /><br=
 /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.mobile2@afg.ngosaf=
ety.org">sa.mobile2@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/NORTHEAST/R/17092022/#001								</div>
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rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
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				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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