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Date: Sun, 14 Aug 2022 03:16:15 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_SOUTH_SA <sa.south@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <pSziCgxXSZScAIth1sZKlg@geopod-ismtpd-3-2>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= HERAT: MIED Detonation and
 Verbal Threat
To: Mansoor Ahmad Zarif <mansoor@jack.ngo>

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enter><table width=3D"580" style=3D" width: 580px;  border:1px solid #C1C2C=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Herat Province, Sh=
indand District, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/VD8LhYQPhVP4S55LA">Zerkoh</=
a> Area</div>								</div>
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3.52%; border:none; font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; co=
lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								MIED Detonation and Verbal Threat 								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								02/08/2022 14:00								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 23 July, at around 1000 hrs,=
 an MIED attached to a minivan used to transport a team of vaccinators from=
 the Department of Public Health (DoPH) detonated near a private residence.=
 The minivan was empty at the time of the explosion, and the team was unhar=
med. The vaccination campaign in the titled district is funded by an IO.<br=
 /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Following the MIED incident, on 02 Augu=
st the vaccination team leader received a call from an unidentified individ=
ual who threatened him to kill the whole team with an MIED if they continue=
 their work. Following the threat, five vaccinators, two women and three me=
n, resigned from their jobs. The perpetrator of the verbal threat remains u=
nknown at the time of reporting.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Several elements point at an ep=
isode of personal retaliation, rather than an OAG-authored attack. Even tho=
ugh, in their booklet published on 26 July, a few days after the attack, IS=
-KP strongly denounced the practice of vaccination as a weapon used by fore=
ign countries against Muslims, there is no evidence of the group&rsquo;s in=
volvement in both incidents. Moreover, the vehicle was not branded with the=
 logos of DoPH or of the funding IO, thus making it unlikely that an OAG co=
uld identify the minivan while in transit. The only OAG with a recorded pre=
sence in Shindand District was the High Council of the Islamic Emirate of A=
fghanistan (HCIEA), a group formerly engaged in fighting against the IEA. H=
owever, the group appears to have dissolved after the killing of its main l=
eader in 2021.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">What strengthens the hypothesis of a re=
vengeful act is the fact that the vaccination team members were not locally=
 hired, and the minivan had also been rented from an external location. Hig=
h-level IEA authorities in the past have been vocal in requesting that NGOs=
 and humanitarian actors hire and outsource locally. This fact also reflect=
s the will of local residents, especially in parts of the country long negl=
ected by foreign aid and that therefore see an opportunity of employment in=
 humanitarian operations. The fact that the MIED detonated when the minivan=
 was empty, thus entailing that the perpetrator wanted to send a warning me=
ssage rather than killing the vaccination team, contributes to validate thi=
s possibility.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">So far in 2022, INSO has not reported O=
AG-claimed MIED attacks against NGOs or IOs, thus entailing a low risk for =
such incidents. However, given the recently published IS-KP booklet openly =
instigating violence against humanitarian and international actors, the ris=
k of attacks by hands of IS-KP-affiliated groups seeking recognition may in=
crease in the coming period.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs should ensure all vehicles=
 used for the transportation of staff from and to project sites are always =
checked for MIEDs. Vehicles should never be left unguarded, and it is stron=
gly advised to avoid parking vehicles on the public street.<br /><br /></di=
v>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGO security managers should conduct re=
gular trainings for guards and drivers. Drills of mirror searches should be=
 conducted with guards at compounds on a regular basis.</div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">When possible, NGOs are advised to hire=
 staff and outsource equipment and logistic services locally.<br /><br /></=
div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs should ensure close, regular commu=
nication with local community elders and authorities to ensure full accepta=
nce of their project. &nbsp;</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 0 12.5px 0; border-bo=
ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								SA South, Beatrice Barco<br /><br /><a href=3D"mailto:sa.south@afg.=
ngosafety.org">sa.south@afg.ngosafety.org</a>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/WEST/R/14082022/#001								</div>
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				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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