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Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 07:47:55 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_NORTHEAST_SA <sa.northeast@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <faKbUg3SQ9y-ifrXiovq3w@geopod-ismtpd-2-2>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= BAGHLAN: Violence Against
 Civilians in Baghlan Province Spark Protests
To: Naseer Ahmad Gulzai <gulzai@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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enter><table width=3D"580" style=3D" width: 580px;  border:1px solid #C1C2C=
4; margin: 0 auto; background: #fff; text-align: center; border-collapse: c=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Baghlan Province, =
Deh Salah District, Deh Salah DAC, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/ay6MzsFL2=
FS8GdwB7">Bazar-e Deh Salah</a> Area</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								Violence Against Civilians in Baghlan Province Spark Protests						=
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								21/07/2022 14:00								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 21 July, at 1400 hrs, approximately 15=
0 civilians protested in the Bazar-e Deh Salah area of Deh Salah District. =
The participants called on the local IEA authorities to investigate the kil=
ling of a resident by the IEA security forces. Reportedly, on 21 July durin=
g morning hours, IEA forces killed a civilian in the Kasatarash area of Deh=
 Salah District. The motive behind the incident was the close family relati=
onship between the victim and NRF members. The incident created tensions be=
tween the Tajik and Pashtun communities within the IEA security forces, who=
 ended up insulting and threatening each other.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p>The IEA&rsquo;s limited oversight with regards to their rank-and-file me=
mbers&rsquo; behaviour led to repeated acts of violence against civilians i=
n 2022 across Baghlan Province. Since 01 January 2022, IEA forces killed a =
total of 21 civilians in Baghlan Province, the highest levels of loss of ci=
vilian lives among the Northeastern Region&rsquo;s provinces, followed by T=
akhar where the security forces killed eight civilians. IEA rank-and-file m=
embers used physical violence against civilians for alleged violations of v=
ice and virtue rules, to solve personal disputes with locals, to ensure law=
 enforcement in VCPs, and finally, to deter the local population from suppo=
rting or joining OAGs. Despite the high number of civilian casualties recor=
ded as a result of IEA members&rsquo; violent behaviour, only on two occasi=
ons from a total of 18 such incidents did the IEA authorities arrest the me=
mbers of the security forces responsible for the abusive behaviour.<br /><b=
r />Security forces&rsquo; violence against civilians was predominant in ar=
eas that witnessed regular conflict activities. Similar to the 21 July inci=
dent, IEA rank-and-file members killed at least 13 civilians in Deh Salah, =
Pul-e Hesar, and Bano districts. The OAG attacks in the three districts acc=
ount for the highest number of IEA casualties, 77 killed and 38 injured, in=
 the entire Baghlan Province. Furthermore, IEA members&rsquo; violence agai=
nst the residents usually escalates in the aftermath of OAG attacks against=
 the security forces, such as the NRF attack against IEA forces in the Qasa=
n area of Deh Salah District, recorded on 01 July, after which the IEA forc=
es killed at least five civilians. NGOs operating in contested areas are li=
kely to witness increased scrutiny during their encounters with the IEA for=
ces. Assessments regarding road movements and potential mitigation measures=
, such as prior communication with the IEA commanders controlling the force=
s in the area of operation, are required.<br /><br />The lack of resolve to=
 address the residents&rsquo; demands to end IEA&rsquo;s hostility towards =
civilians might lead to additional protests and potentially boost OAGs&rsqu=
o; recruitment efforts. The locals, the majority being of Tajik ethnicity, =
are likely to turn to the Tajik IEA commanders for justice regarding the ab=
use committed by the IEA rank-and-file members. Should this endeavour fail,=
 some residents may consider joining OAGs operating in the area to seek pro=
tection. Reportedly, the IEA search operations reduced the availability of =
firearms amongst civilians, removing the risk of local armed opposition aga=
inst the security forces. Unlike the residents of Panjshir, who consider th=
e NRF as having failed to safeguard the life of civilians during firefights=
, the OAG has a higher level of acceptance among the communities in the are=
as of Baghlan Province where the NRF is active. Reportedly, the NRF in Bagh=
lan led a limited number of offensive operations in populous areas managing=
 to avoid, for the most part, civilian casualties, as opposed to operations=
 in Panjshir that often trap residents in a crossfire. NGO staff members li=
ving or working in areas where OAGs are active are likely to encounter chal=
lenges accessing beneficiaries, reaching residents suspected of supporting =
armed opposition groups, and may even be accused themselves of involvement =
in armed opposition movements. In such circumstances, having a proactive at=
titude and engaging the local actors remains imperative.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">
<p>NGOs are advised to maintain a diverse and reliable network of contacts =
to receive updates relevant for the planning and implementation of operatio=
ns in contested areas.<br /><br />NGO security managers are advised to main=
tain open channels of communication with relevant local actors, who can fac=
ilitate intervention on behalf of their staff in case of an incident and re=
duce frictions with the security forces.</p>
<p>NGO staff members are advised to remain aware of their surroundings and =
avoid unnecessary road movements to heavily contested areas. NGO staff memb=
ers are further advised to inform their security managers about challenges =
encountered with their telecommunication systems in such areas and require =
alternative means of communication to update the main office regarding rece=
nt developments as well as respond in case of a headcount following a signi=
ficant security incident taking place.</p>
<p>It is advised that NGOs inform their staff about the developments and di=
scuss with their employees how their background might be perceived in the o=
perating area.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Northeast, Eliade Al-Hamdoun=
i<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.northeast@afg.ngos=
afety.org">sa.northeast@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/NORTHEAST/R/26072022/#001								</div>
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76b6; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; height:63px; font-size:7.5pt; font-family:'A=
rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
">
				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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