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Date: Wed, 15 Dec 2021 14:12:03 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_CENTRAL_SA <sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <tOHHhyO9QC6o3KKP9Cveiw@geopod-ismtpd-4-1>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= KABUL: MIED Attack Targets
 IEA Checkpoint
To: Faisal Ahmadzai <faisal.ahmadzai@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Kabul Province, Ka=
bul City, PD 11, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/nwndBeguBRxrjmsG9">Golayee =
Park</a> Area</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								MIED Attack Targets IEA Checkpoint								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								14/12/2021 18:30								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 14 December, at approximately 1830 hrs=
, an MIED attached to a makeshift structure housing an IEA checkpoint deton=
ated, wounding one civilian bystander. No IEA casualties were reported. The=
 checkpoint, which consists of a converted shipping container, is located a=
t the entrance of a secondary road in the title area.<br /><br />Following =
the incident, IEA members established a security cordon around the area to =
investigate the incident, temporarily blocking off civilian traffic along t=
he main Lycee Maryam Road, which runs through the Gulayee Park area. The ar=
ea is characterised primarily by shops and small businesses, and sees a hig=
h volume of traffic during the day due to the presence of multiple key bus =
stops.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">The incident represents the first MIED at=
tack against a stationary IEA target conducted in Kabul Province as well as=
 the first OAG-authored incident in PD 11 since the IEA take-over on 15 Aug=
ust 2021. The last MIED attack in PD 11 took place on 01 July 2021, targeti=
ng an ANP pick-up truck-type vehicle in the Sarai Shamali area, injuring on=
e civilian bystander.<br /><br />The difference between the method and loca=
tion of the latest MIED attack and the recent string of IED-based attacks r=
ecorded in Kabul could indicate the involvement of a separate OAG cell in t=
he attack in PD 11. Prior to the attack in PD 11, OAGs conducted a series o=
f IED-based attacks in the southwestern PDs of Kabul City, with 13 such inc=
idents recorded in PD 2, 3, 4, 5, and 13 between 13 November and 11 Decembe=
r (see also AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/11122021/#001).<br /><br />The targeting =
of a checkpoint, rather than a vehicle, could suggest that the involved OAG=
 was unable to emplace the device on a suitable IEA vehicle. Alternatively,=
 the checkpoint may have presented a target of opportunity due to a high vo=
lume of foot traffic and vehicles passing it, as emplacing an MIED on a mor=
e isolated checkpoint where security personnel have a clear view of approac=
hing individuals would have entailed a high likelihood of detection.<br /><=
br />In contrast to vehicles, attacks on checkpoints in urban environments =
enable assailants to conduct extensive prior surveillance of the target, al=
lowing them to identify an opportune moment to attack. Surveillance operati=
ons are more easily carried out in neighbourhoods with high volumes of pede=
strians and public transportation, such as the Golayee Park area, as the ex=
tended presence of non-local individuals is unlikely to raise suspicions. <=
br /><br />The limited impact in terms of casualties and the rapid collapse=
 of the security cordon both suggest a limited quantity of explosives used =
in the attack. This would further support the assessment of the involvement=
 of a separate, smaller OAG cell with limited access to IED components, con=
sidering the higher impact of recent IED-based attacks in other PDs.<br /><=
br />A broader expansion of the target set of IED-based attacks from vehicl=
es to IEA checkpoints is currently assessed to be unlikely, due to the heig=
htened chance of detection by security forces manning checkpoints compared =
to the use of MIEDs against vehicles. However, the attack in PD 11 nonethel=
ess underlines the variety and adaptability of OAG tactics in Kabul, which =
require consistent monitoring in order to identify emerging patterns and ad=
apt mitigation measures accordingly.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">Where possible, NGOs should seek to limit=
 the time spent at IEA checkpoints and other installations, in order to min=
imise the risk of secondary exposure to IED and other attacks, as well as a=
void, whenever possible, proximity to such locations.<br /><br />Keeping al=
l relevant documents at hand and clear communications on the origin, destin=
ation, and purpose of the journey can all serve to reduce time spent at che=
ckpoints.<br /><br />Movements to and from vehicle and pedestrian checkpoin=
ts should nonetheless be conducted in a slow, controlled manner in order to=
 avoid raising suspicions among IEA members manning the checkpoint.&nbsp;</=
p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Central, Dennis Ikas<br /><b=
r /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.central@afg.ngosaf=
ety.org">sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/15122021/#001								</div>
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				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
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hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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