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Date: Mon, 06 Dec 2021 09:07:58 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_CENTRAL_SA <sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <DIFKkc_OREiuqwQ2yGu2iQ@geopod-ismtpd-4-3>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= KABUL: NGO Staff Member
 Robbed On Cash Disbursement Route
To: Faisal Ahmadzai <faisal.ahmadzai@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Kabul Province, Ka=
bul City, PD 6, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/FLNgpe97MsDfh7ZP7">Charqalai=
 Chahrdee</a> Area</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								NGO Staff Member Robbed On Cash Disbursement Route								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								23/11/2021 10:15								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 23 November, at approximately 1020 hou=
rs, an NGO national staff member was enroute from a project site to a secon=
d related project site to disburse funds to local partner organisations, wh=
en three individuals stopped the staff member by the roadside. The staff me=
mber was travelling on a bicycle at the time of the incident.<br /><br />Th=
e assailants threatened the staff member with a handgun, before proceeding =
to steal a smartphone and AFN 7,000 from him. The assailants then escaped f=
rom the scene.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">The reported modus operandi of the assail=
ants and the timing of the incident could indicate that the title incident =
was a planned robbery specifically targeting the staff member, rather than =
a random crime of opportunity.<br /><br />Firstly, the time of the incident=
 does not conform with established patterns for most opportunistic roadside=
 robberies in Kabul City, as only a fraction of the 56 robberies conducted =
since 15 August took place during comparable midmorning hours. Only four ro=
bberies occurred between 1000 and 1200 hrs during this time period, while t=
he earlier morning hours recorded ten robberies between 0700 hrs and 0800 h=
rs alone. This distribution is assessed to be the result of a reduced numbe=
r of potential targets in transit for opportunistic criminals compared to t=
he earlier rush hour.<br /><br />Secondly, the incident occurred along an e=
stablished route for the targeted individual, which was part of his profess=
ional routine and could have been readily identified by criminal elements o=
perating in the area. While the means of transport used by the staff member=
 reportedly varied between different iterations of the same route, the loca=
tions and timings remained predictable. <br /><br />This may have allowed t=
he assailants to identify a potential vulnerability in this routine, in the=
 form of a particularly secluded location passed by the staff member and an=
 opportune time to conduct the robbery. Therefore, the title incident serve=
s to highlight the importance of avoiding easily observable personal or pro=
fessional routines, as criminals will actively seek to identify and exploit=
 recurring patterns of life of perceived attractive targets, such as NGO st=
aff members. <br /><br />As such, although the impact of the robbery remain=
ed comparably limited, it falls within a comparable category with previousl=
y recorded attempted abductions (see AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/26112021/#001) a=
nd compound burglaries (see AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/20092021/#001) against NG=
Os, where prior surveillance conducted by the assailants also played a key =
role in facilitating more a high-impact crime. The fact that the assailants=
' financial gain was overall low could indicate a limited level of capabili=
ty on the part of the criminals, who otherwise may have opted to either tar=
get the staff member before he had visited the first project site, or to ta=
rget the NGO compound.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs should ensure a low public=
 profile for all staff movements and implement measures to limit the amount=
 of information accessible to outside observers through operational mitigat=
ion measures. For particularly sensitive movements, such as the transport o=
f larger quantities of cash, NGOs should consider using different unmarked =
vehicles if possible, to minimise the chance of both opportunistic criminal=
s and OCG members identifying the vehicle as a potentially high-value targe=
t.<br /><br />Where practical, NGOs should always seek to ensure recurring =
movements necessary for project implementation, such as site visits, featur=
e minor variations in terms of routes taken and timings. These variations s=
hould be employed more frequently if the recurring movement includes the tr=
ansfer of cash or valuable assets.<br /><br />NGOs are advised to review, r=
etrain, and strictly enforce existing protocols for movement and counter-su=
rveillance with all staff, such as identifying individuals frequently obser=
ved along a specific route; avoiding the sharing of sensitive information o=
n NGO operations with third parties and only sharing such information on a =
need-to-know basis within the organisation; and reporting any suspected sur=
veillance attempts or external pressure immediately to respective security =
focal points (for further countersurveillance measures see also AFGHANISTAN=
/CENTRAL/R/26112021/#001).</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Central, Dennis Ikas<br /><b=
r /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.central@afg.ngosaf=
ety.org">sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/06122021/#001								</div>
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rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
">
				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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