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Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2021 10:50:28 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_MOBILE2_SA <sa.mobile2@afg.ngosafety.org>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Message-ID: <vzRVG1otR7-QKi9LVpYo2w@geopod-ismtpd-4-2>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= COUNTRY: The Risks of
 Counterfeit Money
To: Reza Jamal <logistic.manager@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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enter><table width=3D"580" style=3D" width: 580px;  border:1px solid #C1C2C=
4; margin: 0 auto; background: #fff; text-align: center; border-collapse: c=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Countrywide</div>	=
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								The Risks of Counterfeit Money								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								21/10/2021 15:00								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">In October, two incidents invol=
ving counterfeit money were observed in Afghanistan.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 11 October, IEA forces arrested an i=
ndividual in Chamkani District, Paktya Province, who was trying to use coun=
terfeit money to buy goods in a store. Reportedly, the individual was invol=
ved in several such instances, using counterfeit money in several districts=
 of Paktya Province, before the incident that lead to his arrest.<br /><br =
/></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">On 13 October, IEA forces arrested an i=
ndividual suspected of selling counterfeit money in Injil District, Herat P=
rovince. The arrest was conducted at the individuals house, where a large a=
mount of counterfeit Afghani was seized in the subsequent search operation.=
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">The use of counterfeit money is=
 not a new development in Afghanistan and has occurred relatively frequentl=
y for years. However, factors including limitations on cash withdrawals, in=
creased unemployment, rise in prices of commodities across the country, and=
 the decreasing value of the Afghani could motivate the production and trad=
e of counterfeit money. Unwitting use of counterfeit money could potentiall=
y result in safety and reputational risks for NGOs.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">In 2021, INSO registered four incidents=
 of arrests of individuals as a result of individuals using, carrying or st=
oring counterfeit money, including the two incidents mentioned above. In 20=
20, INSO registered five cases involving counterfeit money, including both =
Afghani and foreign currency. However, the use of counterfeit money has lik=
ely been more widespread than reflected in the number of incidents due to u=
nderreporting and the fact that the use of counterfeit money was most likel=
y not noticed, causing fake cash to circulate. Underreporting of these inst=
ances is also likely to be more severe following the IEA takeover.<br /><br=
 /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Multiple criminal groups operating in A=
fghanistan have demonstrated a capability to produce counterfeit currency i=
n recent years. Additionally, as Afghanistan&rsquo;s economy continues to w=
eaken, the motivation for individuals and groups to use and produce counter=
feit money increases. Since the IEA takeover, the Afghani currency went fro=
m approximately 80 AFG per USD to approximately 87 AFG per USD. In the same=
 period, prices of commodities such as cooking oil, gas, rice and flour inc=
reased between 70-100% in many parts of the country, while unemployment rep=
ortedly increased significantly. Furthermore, most of Afghanistan's former =
government's assets were held in off-shore accounts and remain frozen follo=
wing the IEA takeover, as does a large proportion of development funding. A=
lthough banks closed following the takeover, they later reopened, albeit wi=
th a significant limitation on withdrawals still in effect.&nbsp;<br /><br =
/></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">In addition to the increased motivation=
, many groups now have to produce and use counterfeit money, the ability of=
 the security forces to counter it is likely weakened following the IEA tak=
eover. The IEA took over the country following a rapid three-month offensiv=
e which most likely surprised even the IEA themselves, not allowing them to=
 gradually transition into a government structure with specialised policing=
 units in place, including units to combat counterfeiting and smuggling. Si=
nce the takeover, the IEA has been focused on, among other things, consolid=
ating its governance and establishing policing capabilities. However, the p=
rocess of consolidating policing efforts is far from complete, and with mor=
e urgent matters at stake, countering the spread of counterfeit money is no=
t likely to be a priority for the IEA.<br /><br />As was the case in the in=
cidents in question, the use of counterfeit money, intended or unintended, =
have led to multiple arrests by IEA forces. In an environment where the gov=
ernment structure is not fully consolidated, and clear policies are not in =
place yet, any detention could entail significant risks to the individual. =
Furthermore, the unintended use of counterfeit money by any NGO could poten=
tially damage the reputation of the NGO and, in the most severe case, have =
consequences for the NGO&rsquo;s acceptance by the new de facto authorities=
.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs and NGO staff should caref=
ully avoid involvement, intended or unintended, in any illegal activities, =
including the use of counterfeit money. In a time where NGOs and NGO staff =
are working to gain acceptance from the new de facto authorities, increased=
 scrutiny should be applied to avoid any perception of careless behaviour.&=
nbsp;<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs are advised to inform staff of the=
 risk of unintendedly receiving and using counterfeit money for themselves =
and their organisation. Furthermore, NGOs are advised to take relevant prec=
autions to verify the authenticity of currency, especially large-denominati=
on notes.<br /><br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs are advised the following to avoid=
 receiving and using counterfeit Afghani banknotes:&nbsp;</div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>Counterfeit banknotes are more likely to be in the form of 500 or 1,000=
 Afghani notes and are often mixed with authentic notes. Particular attenti=
on should be focused on comparing the notes received when receiving larger =
sums.</li>
<li>New 500 and 1,000 Afghani banknotes were introduced in 2014 and include=
d improved features to prevent counterfeiting. NGOs should not accept bankn=
otes of the pre-2014 design.</li>
<li>If withdrawing or exchanging foreign currency to Afghani currency, use =
established money exchangers and banks rather than individual vendors on th=
e street.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
Some more sophisticated counterfeit banknotes have been observed in the cou=
ntry, making it difficult to distinguish them from real notes. However, NGO=
s are advised to be aware of the following warning signs:</div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>The feel of the paper. The paper of fake notes most often have a differ=
ent feel than authentic notes, either softer or stiffer and smoother, parti=
cularly in the area around the national bank seal.</li>
<li>The colours. The colours of fake notes are often either brighter or dar=
ker than the authentic notes.</li>
<li>The foil strip. The foil strip of a real note is reflective, and the co=
unterfeit notes often do not have a reflective foil strip, or the reflectio=
n and/or the colours is off compared to a real note.</li>
</ul>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Mobile, Martin Hansen<br /><=
br /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.mobile2@afg.ngosaf=
ety.org">sa.mobile2@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/COUNTRY/R/21102021/#001								</div>
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rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
">
				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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