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Date: Thu, 30 Sep 2021 09:05:28 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_NORTHEAST_SA <sa.northeast@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <MrMtWRUmScuRxTKntBQmqg@geopod-ismtpd-3-0>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= KUNDUZ: Attacks on IEA
 Members in Kunduz Province since the IEA Takeover
To: Faisal Ahmadzai <faisal.ahmadzai@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
									<div><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Kunduz Province</d=
iv>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								Attacks on IEA Members in Kunduz Province since the IEA Takeover			=
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								25/09/2021 00:00								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Over the past month and a half,=
 unidentified men have targeted IEA members in Kunduz Province, using SAF a=
nd IEDs, on nine occasions. Three of the incidents took place in Kunduz Cit=
y and surrounding areas. On 24 August, individuals shot and killed seven IE=
A members in the Asqalan area of the central district. On 13 September, an =
IED attached to a private sedan-type vehicle detonated when IEA members arr=
ived in the Masjid-e Mawlawi Sarajuddin area of PD 2 in response to a traff=
ic accident. One civilian was killed and four more were wounded. Lastly, on=
 21 September, unidentified men killed two IEA members in the Shora Khak ar=
ea of PD 1 with a handgun.<br /><br />Four more security incidents against =
IEA members occurred in the south of Kunduz Province. In Khanabad District,=
 armed men killed two IEA members in the Aks Dawood area on 22 August with =
SAF. In a second incident in the same district, on 13 September, the detona=
tion of an IED emplaced in an IEA mid-level commander&rsquo;s private resid=
ence, located in the Mahfeli Char-Toot area, killed the IEA commander, and =
wounded another IEA member and one civilian. In Chahardara District, uniden=
tified men killed, using SAF, one IEA member in the Zadran area on 02 Septe=
mber and another one in Qara Yatim on 25 September.<br /><br />The two rema=
ining incidents took place in the north of the province. In Emam Saheb Dist=
rict, an IED emplaced along a secondary road in the Bazar Basos area detona=
ted, on 15 August, when a sedan-type vehicle in which IEA members were trav=
elling was passing. As a result, one IEA member was killed and two others w=
ere wounded. On 12 September, in the Mullah Qouli Qarcha area of the neighb=
ouring Dasht-e Archi District, another IED emplaced on a secondary road det=
onated when two IEA members were passing on a motorcycle, killing both.</di=
v>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Incidents with IEA members as t=
argets have been common in Kunduz Province, particularly when the group was=
 part of the opposition to the Afghan government before mid-August. Most in=
cidents were then authored by ANSF and PGM members as part of a constant co=
nflict activity between both sides. The authorship of the nine above-mentio=
ned incidents&mdash;all of them taking place after the IEA takeover of the =
government on 15 August&mdash;is, however, unclear as of the time of writin=
g.<br /><br />No claims for responsibility for the recent incidents have be=
en reported and the motivation behind such attacks remains unknown. Still, =
it is likely that anti-IEA groups are responsible for most recent security =
incidents targeting IEA members. Considering conflict dynamics in Kunduz an=
d recent developments in Afghanistan, pockets of armed opposition to the IE=
A, supportive of the former government, are possibly behind such incidents.=
<br /><br />With such attacks, anti-IEA groups could be seeking to undermin=
e the security perception and IEA capacity to provide security among reside=
nts and the international community. Individuals involved in the above-ment=
ioned incidents are certainly taking advantage of the security vacuum left =
when the previous government fell and during the ongoing political transiti=
on, particularly with a relatively low number of men policing the entire te=
rritory nowadays. Since the collapse of the previous government, IEA member=
s have been able to maintain certain level of security in territories recen=
tly gained, however, their control is primarily based on the general percep=
tion of a system of more severe rules and penalties rather than on the pres=
ence of coercive armed forces.<br /><br />Local sources suggest that IS-KP =
members are behind most incidents reported above. The involvement of the OA=
G cannot be excluded, particularly considering that alleged IS-KP members h=
ave claimed responsibility for attacks in Kunduz Province before and the se=
curity context possibly favours a breeding ground for recruiting unsatisfie=
d armed individuals trained during recent conflict activity. In any event, =
even if IS-KP members were responsible for the above-mentioned incidents, i=
t is likely that the number of individuals acting on behalf of the OAG were=
 rather limited.<br /><br />That said, claiming responsibility is a common =
practice for IS-KP, even for incidents in which their involvement is highly=
 questionable. Only in May, alleged IS-KP members claimed responsibility, o=
n online channels, for a series of incidents targeting economic infrastruct=
ure and the Shia community in the Northeastern and Central regions, includi=
ng in Kunduz Province (AFGHANISTAN/NORTHEAST/R/27052021/#001). Back then, t=
he group had apparently released a letter on social media channels against =
the extradition of IS-KP prisoners of Pakistani nationality to their countr=
y by the previous Afghan government. Alleged IS-KP members also claimed res=
ponsibility, on the internet, for several incidents targeting ANSF and IEA =
members in Kunduz Province during the summer, when the two conflict actors =
were engaged in armed clashes in and around the capital daily.<br /><br />C=
ontrary to what happened previously, the unconfirmed reports of recent IS-K=
P involvement in incidents in Kunduz have been only shared by residents in =
the province, not through online channels. In this sense, local actors affi=
liated with parties to the conflict may be contributing to the spread of su=
ch rumours and potentially benefiting from reports of IS-KP activity.<br />=
<br />Lastly, with most IEA members in Kunduz Province believed to be local=
, some of the above-mentioned incidents may also be personal disputes among=
 residents. Sources in Chahardara District suggested, indeed, that the inci=
dent that took place in the Zadran area on 02 September was a personal disp=
ute involving the IEA member who was shot and killed with SAF.<br /><br />I=
n this context, given the risk that incidents involving different armed gro=
ups entail for civilians when it comes to collateral damage or a deteriorat=
ing security environment more broadly, new local authorities have tried to =
reassure residents that there are no significant threats against their secu=
rity. In this regard, Najibullah Haroon, newly appointed as head of intelli=
gence, claimed, on 14 September, that IS-KP had no presence in Kunduz since=
 the previous government fell. Furthermore, on 22 September, the IEA introd=
uced the Mansoori unit in Kunduz City with over 100 men, reportedly highly =
trained to conduct special operations. Only in September, IEA members arres=
ted, on six different operations in Kunduz City and Dasht-e Archi, 10 indiv=
iduals, suspects of having connections with IS-KP, two more associated with=
 Hizb ut-Tahrir, and around 10 former PGM members previously affiliated wit=
h Mir Alam Khan. In the arrest of former PGM members, local authorities cla=
imed that the individuals were involved in abductions of civilians and drug=
 trafficking.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">NGOs are advised to avoid proxi=
mity or minimise time near conflict actors&rsquo; positions or vehicles and=
 maintain a distance of at least six-to-seven car lengths from any high-pro=
file vehicle observed.<br /><br />NGOs are also recommended to consider dif=
ferent possibilities with regards to conflict and criminal activity, partic=
ularly in an evolving security environment and when part of the information=
 received, such as the authorship of an incident, is unclear.<br /><br />In=
 addition, NGOs should follow political developments across the country and=
 closely monitor security-related information via traditional and online ch=
annels. Humanitarian agencies are, in this sense, advised to build a local =
network able to report potential threats, including those associated to the=
ir programming. Accordingly, NGOs should review risk assessments, mitigatio=
n measures and contingency plans on a regular basis and always following no=
table developments in the security situation. At the same time, NGOs are en=
couraged to report potential threats to INSO and other independent organisa=
tions should these be a concern for the humanitarian community.<br /><br />=
Lastly, NGOs are advised to inform their staff about conflict and criminal =
activity and indications of a deteriorating security environment, and encou=
rage safety awareness. NGO staff should be prepared to explain their progra=
mming in any situation, emphasizing the neutral, impartial, and independent=
 nature of their work, and is encouraged to avoid having distinctive signs =
of affiliation with any party to the conflict, as this could put them and t=
he organisation at risk.</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<p>SA Northeast, Rub&eacute;n Rivero</p>
<a href=3D"mailto:sa.northeast@afg.ngosafety.org">sa.northeast@afg.ngosafet=
y.org</a>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/NORTHEAST/R/30092021/#001								</div>
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76b6; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; height:63px; font-size:7.5pt; font-family:'A=
rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
">
				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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