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Date: Tue, 21 Sep 2021 11:52:13 +0000 (UTC)
From: INSO_AFG_CENTRAL_SA <sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org>
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Message-ID: <LxltK267TxiJ0sAmJjAz5w@geopod-ismtpd-2-1>
Subject: INSO REPORT =?UTF-8?B?4oCTIEFGRyDigJM=?= DAYKUNDI: Reported Rise In
 Intercommunal Tensions
To: Faisal Ahmadzai <faisal.ahmadzai@jack.ngo>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org=
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enter><table width=3D"580" style=3D" width: 580px;  border:1px solid #C1C2C=
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				This report is for the exclusive use of INSO partners and must not be s=
hared outside your organisation			</td>
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									<div><span style=3D"font-size:24.0pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0=
; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#5376b6">&nbsp;&nbsp;R=
EPORT</span></div>
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; padding: 0; font-family:'Arial', sans-serif; color:#182748">&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ATTENTION RECOMMENDED</span></div>
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								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">LOCATION=
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">Afghanistan, Daykundi Province,=
 Pato District, Multiple Areas</div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INCIDENT=
 TYPE</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								Reported Rise In Intercommunal Tensions								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">DATE & T=
IME</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								21/09/2021 16:15								</div>
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								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INFORMAT=
ION</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">
<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">Following the IEA takeover in August 2021=
, the resultant temporary security vacuum galvanised underlying land disput=
es connected to tribal grievances in southern Daykundi Province. Within thi=
s vacuum, reports of abuses and threats of violence targeting Hazara commun=
ities have been circulated via social media.<br /><br />In Daykundi Provinc=
e, Hazara representatives have alleged that residents in various settlement=
s in southcentral Pato District, including <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/d=
7wQSxKnQTscKrSw5">Tagab Dar</a>, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/GWMPBR2gkv6=
MYR2Q7">Siya Lash</a>, <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/cFq3VaZVepMYEEmy7">Ch=
apa Jowi</a> and <a href=3D"https://goo.gl/maps/b1vK8gzqiBMF9egs9">Maydan M=
alik</a>, have received threats from a group of Pashtun tribes based in nor=
thern Uruzgan Province, demanding they leave the area. Leaders in affected =
settlements have called on IEA officials in the province to mediate in the =
dispute, failing which they would take the issue to the national government=
 in Kabul.<br /><br />Local reports indicate that Pashtun community leaders=
 are calling for Pato District of Daykundi Province to be subsumed under th=
e Gizab District of Uruzgan Province, and that the new, extended Gizab Dist=
rict should be transferred to Daykundi Province. It remains unclear whether=
 IEA officials have fully endorsed this plan and its current status. The cl=
aimed forced dispossession of Hazara communities in Pato District could not=
 be conclusively verified.<br /><br />If implemented, this would reverse an=
 earlier decree issued by the former GOA in 2004, which saw the creation of=
 Daykundi Province as a separate entity from the former Uruzgan Districts o=
f Daykundi, Shahrestan and Kijran, with parts of Gizab District being separ=
ated to form Pato District as part of the new province. The districts of th=
e new Daykundi Province were largely dominated by members of the Hazara com=
munity, with Pashtun representatives in Pato District claiming to have been=
 expelled from their homes in the process.<br /><br />In a meeting with res=
idents from Pato District, IEA officials from Daykundi Province have stress=
ed that no wrongful claims to property and land would be granted. An IEA in=
vestigation into the matter has reportedly been launched and efforts to res=
olve the issue are ongoing on the provincial and local levels.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ANALYSIS=
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">After the capture of all provinces within=
 the historic &ldquo;Hazarajat&rdquo; by the IEA in August, the uncertainty=
 of the transition period opened up new operational spaces for established =
social and political groups, who have intensified their struggle over influ=
ence. <br /><br />In this context of uncertainty, unverified reports circul=
ated primarily via social media have alleged a deterioration in intercommun=
al relations in Daykundi Province. While the IEA have integrated some estab=
lished Hazara leaders &ndash; in particular local militia commanders such a=
s General Sadaqat &ndash; into their ranks, a large section of Hazara commu=
nities continue to mistrust the IEA and perceive them as being partial to P=
ashtun interests.<br /><br />This underlying mistrust has greatly impaired =
any attempts at mediation by IEA officials in the affected areas of the Haz=
arajat. Particularly along its fluid outer borders with areas dominated by =
Pashtun tribes, long-standing conflicts previously overshadowed by the war =
between the IEA and the then-GOA may erupt again in the wake of the IEA ris=
e to power and the associated redistribution of government positions and re=
sources.<br /><br />With the new IEA administration preoccupied with larger=
, province-level politics and consolidation efforts, community leaders in r=
ural areas located along tribal fault lines may seek to expand their own in=
fluence and territory against rival groups. These dynamics could see an eru=
ption of localised clashes, particularly in the countryside of the Hazaraja=
t region.<br /><br />While reports of displacements and larger, targeted ha=
rassment campaigns against Hazara communities in these areas could not be c=
onclusively verified, incidents of localised intercommunal violence have be=
en recorded in the past. A potential administrative reorganisation of Dayku=
ndi and Uruzgan provinces could see a further deterioration of these relati=
ons, unless underlying disputes over the distribution of land and access to=
 resources are resolved consensually.<br /><br />Similarly, the capacity of=
 local actors for organised violence against rival communities &ndash; or I=
EA forces &ndash; is difficult to assess. Although the IEA have successfull=
y integrated a section of local militia groups in Shahristan, Miramor, Asht=
arlay and Khadir districts, other Hazara-dominated militia groups that were=
 formerly allied to the then-GOA in Pato District may reconstitute themselv=
es against a perceived threat from Pashtun communities.<br /><br />Between =
15 June and 19 July 2021, IEA forces conducted at least 16 armed attacks ag=
ainst positions of then-PGMs in Pato District, suggesting anti-IEA militias=
 maintained a robust presence in the area prior to the capture of Daykundi =
by the IEA in mid-August. Although collections of firearms have been conduc=
ted in Daykundi Province since 15 August under the auspices of militia comm=
anders, these efforts have been focused primarily on former ANSF personnel.=
 <br /><br />At the time of writing, no calls for a mobilisation of forces =
against the IEA or intercommunal clashes have been recorded within Pato Dis=
trict or other parts of Daykundi Province. However, in case of an escalatio=
n of hostilities, access to affected areas is likely to be restricted, both=
 by potential ongoing fighting and IEA officials. Given the general charact=
er of incidents of intercommunal violence, these escalations can occur with=
 no prior warning and trigger a series of retaliatory attacks.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ADVICE</=
div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
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<p style=3D"text-align: justify;">Ahead of operating within Pato District, =
NGOs are advised to confirm the continued presence of former points of cont=
act within local administrations. Where appropriate and necessary, new loca=
l stakeholders should be identified and their relationship with other key p=
ersonnel and communities established.<br /><br />In order to maintain neutr=
ality, the geographic distribution of project implementation should be revi=
ewed against potential perceptions of bias towards specific communities and=
 community relations in project areas should be closely monitored through r=
eliable local points of contact.<br /><br />Prior to travel to Pato Distric=
t, NGOs should seek confirmation with local partners regarding the status o=
f individual settlements. Given the elevated tensions in the area, particul=
arly along the former fault line between Pato and Gizab District, it is rec=
ommended that IEA officials on the provincial and district level are inform=
ed of any planned visits to the area.<br /><br />INSO Central will continue=
 to monitor the situation and provide email updates as required.</p>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">ISSUED B=
Y</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								<div style=3D"text-align: justify;">SA Central, Dennis Ikas<br /><b=
r /></div>
<div style=3D"text-align: justify;"><a href=3D"mailto:sa.central@afg.ngosaf=
ety.org">sa.central@afg.ngosafety.org</a></div>								</div>
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lor:#15274B;  ">
								<div style=3D"margin: 12.5px 25px; padding: 0 12.5px 0 0;">INSO SER=
IAL #</div>
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2.0pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; line-height:115%;  ">
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ttom:1px solid #C1C2C4;">
								AFGHANISTAN/CENTRAL/R/21092021/#001								</div>
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rial', sans-serif; color:white; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;=
">
				INSO exists to provide dedicated security services to the NGO community=
. As a free service, INSO and its donors or partners, accept no liability w=
hatsoever for claims as may result from the provision or utilisation of the=
se free services. Whilst every effort is made to the verify data, INSO cann=
ot guarantee the accuracy of information provided. Reproduction of INSO inf=
ormation is prohibited.									<br>
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